エボシダイ科 Nomeidae                      Driftfishes

 





SNFR 19228, 284 mm SL. Right side reversed (left side of body heavily damaged).


42 ハナビラウオ

Psenes pellucidus Lütken, 1880                    Bluefin Driftfish

 

Specimen examined: 1 (SNFR 19228; 284 mm SL), 623­–857 m depth.

Counts: D XI-I, 30; A II, 27; P1 19; P2 I, 5; GR 8+16=24; LLS ca. 120; V 14+28=42. Measurements: head length 27.4% SL; body depth 28.5% SL; eye diameter 22.6% HL; interorbital width 26.0% HL; snout length 33.0% HL; upper-jaw length 40.6% HL; lower-jaw length 41.8% HL; caudal-peduncle length 11.2% SL; caudal-peduncle depth 6.2% SL; pectoral-fin length 16.1% SL; pelvic-fin length 11.7% SL.

 

計数形質:背鰭11-1棘,30軟条;臀鰭2棘,27軟条;胸鰭19軟条;腹鰭1棘,5軟条;鰓耙数8+16=24;側線鱗数 120;脊椎骨数14+28=42計測形質:頭長27.4% SL;体高28.5% SL;眼径22.6% HL;両眼間隔26.0% HL;吻長33.0% HL;上顎長40.6% HL;下顎長41.8% HL;尾柄長11.2% SL;尾柄高6.2% SL;胸鰭長16.1% SL;腹鰭長11.7% SL

特 徴 体は柔軟で細長く,側扁する.尾柄部は短く低い.吻は丸く,吻長は眼径よりも長い.両顎歯は1列で,上顎には先端が湾曲した小型の円錐歯,下顎には小刀状の歯が並ぶ.鋤骨と口蓋骨には微少な歯が存在する.眼は楕円形.涙骨は上顎のほとんどを被う.鰓蓋部は薄く,強い棘や鋸歯は見られない.各鰭の棘条は柔らかい.背鰭始部は主鰓蓋骨後端の直上付近に位置し,背鰭棘は短い.第2背鰭と臀鰭の基底はともに長い.胸鰭および腹鰭は短い.胸鰭は楕円形で,腹鰭よりも長い.腹鰭基部は胸鰭基部よりもわずかに後方に位置し,腹鰭の後端は肛門に達しない.尾鰭は深く二叉する(観察標本では破損).肛門は第2背鰭始部の直下付近に位置する.臀鰭始部は第2背鰭始部よりもわずかに後方に位置する.鱗は小さい円鱗で,剥がれやすく,背鰭と臀鰭の基部も覆う.食道嚢をもつ.体色は淡褐色で,各鰭は黒褐色.

分 布 太平洋,インド洋,大西洋の温帯から熱帯域(Haedrich, 1967).

備 考 本種は,側線鱗数が約120(クラゲウオP. arafurensis Günther, 188944–45,シマハナビラウオP. maculatus Lütken, 188067–70,スジハナビラウオP. cyanophrys Valenciennes, 183360–63)であることによって本海域の同属種と識別できる.本属魚類の成魚は中〜底層域に生息するが,幼魚は表層のクラゲに付随していることがある.インド洋および周辺海域において,本種はインドネシア,南アフリカ,アデン湾,および南西インド洋海嶺から採集されている(Parin and Piotrovsky, 2004).本種の初期生活史に関する情報はインド洋からはないが,太平洋産の仔稚魚については詳しく記載されている(Ahlstrom et al., 1976;岡本,2014).観察標本では尾部が断裂.

(岡本)

 

Description  Body soft, elongated and compressed. Caudal peduncle short and shallow. Snout round, its length longer than eye diameter. Both jaws with a single row of teeth; small and curved conical teeth on upper jaw, short blade-like teeth on lower jaw. Minute teeth present on vomer and palatine. Eye elliptical. Lachrymal bone almost completely covering upper jaw. Opercular region thin, without spines or serrations. Dorsal-, anal-, and pelvic-fin spines soft. Dorsal-fin origin above posterior margin of operculum, dorsal-fin spines short. Bases of second dorsal fin and anal fin long. Pectoral and pelvic fins short. Pectoral fin elliptical, its length longer than pelvic fin length. Pelvic-fin base slightly posterior to pectoral-fin base; posterior end of pelvic fin not reaching anus when appressed. Caudal fin deeply forked (damaged in examined specimen). Anus located just below origin of second dorsal fin. Anal-fin origin slightly behind second dorsal-fin origin. Scales small and cycloid, and deciduous, extending to cover bases of dorsal and anal fins. Pharyngeal sac present. Body light brown and all fins blackish brown.

Distribution  Tropical to temperate waters of Pacific, Indian and Atlantic oceans (Haedrich, 1967).

Remarks  This species can be distinguished from its congeners in the study area by having ca. 120 lateral line scales (vs. 44–45 in P. arafurensis Günther, 1889; 67–70 in P. maculatus Lütken, 1880; and 60–63 in P. cyanophrys Valenciennes, 1833). Although adult Psenes is meso–bathypelagic, young occurs near the surface layer with jellyfish. In the Indian Ocean and adjacent waters, this species is known from Indonesia, South Africa, Gulf of Aden, and the Southwest Indian Submarine Ridge (Parin and Piotrovsky, 2004). There is no information about the early life stages of this species from the Indian Ocean, but those of the Pacific have been described in detail (Ahlstrom et al., 1976; Okamoto, 2014). The examined specimen was significantly damaged, with the tail detached from the trunk.

(M. Okamoto)

 



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